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Welcome to NepaLinux Wiki


This Wiki contains the tips and tricks for working with NepaLinux and enhancing it. If you have any queries please email info@mpp.org.np for more details.

NepaLinux is a Debian and Morphix based GNU/Linux Distribution focused for Desktop usage in Nepali language computing. It contains applications for Desktop users like: OpenOffice.org, Nepali Gnome Desktop, Nepali input systems etc. The development and distribution of Nepalinux is done by Madan Puraskar Pustakalaya (www.mpp.org.np). The official site for NepaLinux is www.nepalinux.org.NepaLinux is an effort of promoting Free/OpenSource Softwares (FOSS).

Contents

KDE in NepaLinux

1) Uncomment the first and second line of /etc/apt/sources.list and save the file.Should look like 

       deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ etch main contrib

       deb http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib

2) apt-get update device 00:02:5B:00:A5:A5; 3) apt-get install arts kdelibs kdebase kdegraphics kdeadmin kdemultimedia

4) Select KDE at Session Screen of Login Screen and enter normally

Installing win32 dlls codecs to play .wmv files in NepaLinux

Add the following repository in /etc/apt/sources.list file 

   deb http://apt.cerkinfo.be/ unstable main contrib

Update database 

   apt-get update

Install win32 dlls codecs for MPlayer 

   apt-get install w32codecs


Note: It will Install the codecs to the folder /usr/lib/win32 and use totem to play the files.

Debian Resources

Consider NepaLinux as Debian Etch and look for good debian resources


Working with Source Packages

  • Steps below show working with the package named nmap

1) Uncomment the lines of /etc/apt/sources.list so that it looks like 

   deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ etch main contrib

2) apt-get update

3) apt-get source nmap

4) apt-get build-dep nmap

5) dpkg-source -x nmap.dsc (refer to the link below to for providing version)

6) cd nmap

7) dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -b

8) dpkg -i ../nmap_version.deb

Reference: http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/ch-pkg_basics.en.html

Abiword crashes !!! . What's the solution ?

After typing space character and sometimes while opening documents, Abiword crashes. Please follow the steps to save Abiword from crashing.

1. Open Abiword

2. Go to Edit/Preferences and click on Spell Checking tab.

3. Uncheck "Check Spelling as you type"


GRUB Problem in NepaLinux LiveCD!!! how to solve?

While booting from NepaLinux live CD, following messege appears:


Loading Stage 1.5

grub loading, please wait...

graphics file "(cd)/boot/grub/message" missing,

......

........

press any key to continue... 


     Press enter. Now you will get following message:


Booting, Nepalinux GNU/Linux

Error 23 : Error while parsing number

press any key to continue 


    Press enter.  You will now see three lines, select the first line 
    and press 'e'. Press 'e' again to edit this line. Press the left         
    arrow key and delete "(cd)" in this line and press enter key. Now,  
    come to the next line and press 'e'. In this line also delete   
    "(cd)". Now press "enter" and press 'b'.

Passwords of the NepaLinux Live CD 

   Root password for the NepaLinux Live CD is 'nepali'.

   Password of user nepali of the NepaLinux Live CD is 'nepali'.

External Modems in NepaLinux

Setting up External Serial Modems under NepaLinux:

1) Connect the Modem at the serial port of the computer and Trun it On

2) Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

3) Click Setup

4) Under Modem Tab, Click 'Detect'. This will automatically detect the connected modem

5) Close this window

6) Open the Gnome Terminal from the top menu

7) Do: su and Provide the Root password

8) Execute: chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers

9) Close the Terminal by using 'exit' command

10) Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and Click 'Remember Password'

11) Click 'Connect' to use the internet.


installing HSF (softmodem) Conexant PCI Internal Modems in NepaLinux1.0 

   * Applies for the Hard Disk Installation of NepaLinux Only

1) Open the Gnome Terminal from the top menu

2) Do: su and Provide the Root password

3) Insert the NepaLinux CD into the CD/DVD Drive

4) Run: dpkg -i /cdrom/extras/kernel-source-2.6.12-ck6_nekernel.1.0_i386.deb

5) Download the modem driver by clicking the URL

http://www.nepalinux.org/downloads/modem/hsfcox/nepalinux1.0

6) Unzip it: unzip hsfmodem_7.18.00.07full_i386.deb.zip

7) Install the file using: dpkg -i hsfmodem_7.18.00.07full_i386.deb

8) Type /usr/src/linux-2.6.12-ck6 for the source directroy when asked while installing

9) Simply press Enter when asked for the License

10) Execute: chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers

11) Close the Terminal by using 'exit' command

12) Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

13) Click Setup

14) Under Modem Tab, Click 'Detect'. This will automatically detect the connected modem

15) Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and Click 'Remember Password'

16) Click 'Connect' to use the internet.

Installing SmartLink Chipset based PCI Internal Modems in NepaLinux1.0

Applies for the Hard Disk Installation of NepaLinux Only

1) Download the following linux kernel images from

http://www.nepalinux.org/downloads/smartlink/nepalinux1.0

linux-headers-2.6.12-1_2.6.12-10_i386.deb

linux-headers-2.6.12-1-386_2.6.12-10_i386.deb

linux-image-2.6.12-1-386_2.6.12-10_i386.deb

2) Open the Gnome Terminal from the top menu

3) Do: su and Provide the Root password

4) Install the files using:

dpkg -i linux-headers-2.6.12-1_2.6.12-10_i386.deb

linux-headers-2.6.12-1-386_2.6.12-10_i386.deb

linux-image-2.6.12-1-386_2.6.12-10_i386.deb

5.Restart the machine and at grub boot menuselect

NepaLinux GNU/Linux, Kernel 2.6.12-1-386

5.Download the actual modem driver slmodem-2.9.11-20051101.tar.gz

from http://www.nepalinux.org/downloads/smartlink/nepalinux1.0

7) Untar the file: tar -zxvf slmodem-2.9.11-20051101.tar.gz

8) Change the directory by: cd slmodem-2.9.11-20051101

9) Do: 'make' and then 'make install'

10) Run: modprobe slamr

11) Execute: /usr/sbin/slmodemd --country=USA /dev/slamr0 &

and then for the automatic start at the next computer start, execute the command:

echo "/usr/sbin/slmodemd --country=USA /dev/slamr0 &" >> /etc/rcS.d/S76ne-startup

12) Execute: chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers

13) Run: chgrp dialout /dev/pts/*

14) Close the Terminal by using 'exit' command

15) Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

16) Click Setup

17) Under Modem Tab, Click 'Detect'. This will automatically detect the connected modem

18) Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and Click 'Remember Password'

19) Click 'Connect' to use the internet.

Parallel Port Problem with Printers

Sometimes after configuring the parallel port printer connected to parall port of the computer doesnot work. If this happens do/check the following steps:

1) Open the Gnome Terminal from the top menu

2) Do: su and Provide the Root password

3) Change directory: cd /etc/cups

4) Run: pico printers.conf

5) The Line DeviceURI should look like

DeviceURI parallel:/dev/lp0

6) If not please change it and press 'CTRL + O' to save it and finally 'CTRL + X' to exit

7) Restart cups daemon by: '/etc/init.d/cupsys restart'

Good websites for GTK+ Applications

1) http://www.gnomefiles.org

Please Add here if others are known...

Serial Mouse doesnot Work in NepaLinux Live CD !!! What should i do?

Some users may not have ps2 or usb mouse if their computers are approximately around 4 years old from now. By default NepaLinux Live CD works only with ps2 or usb mouse. Steps of enabling serial mouse in NepaLinux are as below:

1) Insert the NepaLinux CD inside the CD/DVD drive

2) In the boot menu press 1

3) NepaLinux will boot into the runlevel 1 and the console screen will appear

4) Change the directory: cd /etc/X11

5) Do: pico XF86Config-4

The 7th line of the XF86Config-4 file should look like 

   InputDevice    "Serial Mouse" "CorePointer"

6) If you scroll below you will see the section

Section "InputDevice" 

       Identifier  "Serial Mouse"
       Driver      "mouse"
       Option      "Protocol" "Microsoft"
       Option      "Device" "/dev/ttyS0"
       Option      "Emulate3Buttons" "true"
       Option      "Emulate3Timeout" "70"
       Option      "SendCoreEvents"  "true"

EndSection

In this section you can tell where your serial connected to.

ttyS0 = COM1

ttyS1 = COM2

ttyS2 = COM3

ttyS3 = COM4

Use the appropriate one

7)Press 'CTRL + O' to save it and finally 'CTRL + X' to exit

8) Type 'init 2' to Continue. This is take you inside the Nepali Gnome Desktop

Lucent/Agere Modems in NepaLinux

Applies for the Hard Disk Installation of NepaLinux Only

1) Download the following to install linux kernel images from the mentioned URLs:

http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/linux-2.6/linux-image-2.6.16-2-686_2.6.16-14_i386.deb

http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/linux-2.6/linux-headers-2.6.16-2-686_2.6.16-14_i386.deb

http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/l/linux-2.6/linux-headers-2.6.16-2_2.6.16-14_i386.deb

2) Open the Gnome Terminal from the top menu

3) Do: su and Provide the Root password

4) Install the files using:

dpkg -i linux-image-2.6.16-2-686_2.6.16-14_i386.deb linux-headers-2.6.16-2-686_2.6.16-14_i386.deb linux-headers-2.6.16-2_2.6.16-14_i386.deb

5) Restart the machine and at grub boot menuselect

NepaLinux GNU/Linux, Kernel 2.6.12-1-386

6) Download the actual modem driver from

http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/ltmodem/kernel-2.6/ltmodem-8.31b1.tar.gz

7) Download the required tools to build the driver: 

   apt-get update
   apt-get install debhelper
   apt-get install tree

8) Untar the file: tar -zxvf ltmodem-8.31b1.tar.gz

9) Change the directory by: cd ltmodem-8.31b1

10) Execute: ./build_deb

11) It will generate the deb file ltmodem-2.6.12-1-386_8.31b1_i386.deb

12) Install the generated file: dpkg -i ltmodem-2.6.12-1-386_8.31b1_i386.deb

13) Run: update-modules

14) Execute: chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers

15) Reboot the machine: reboot

16) Login and Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

17) Click Setup

17) Under Modem Tab, Click 'Detect'. This will automatically detect the connected modem

18) Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and Click 'Remember Password'

19) Click 'Connect' to use the internet.

Email pradhanparas@gmail.com direclty if any problems

Adding xkb based keyboard layout in kde for Nepali input

1) open /etc/X11/xkb/rules/xfree86.lst file and add following in layout section

ne Nepali

2) save and exit

3) Open the file /etc/X11/xkb/rules/xfree86.lst and add "ne Nepali" then save the file

4) Go to kde control center --> Regional & Accessibility --> Keyboard layout

5) Enable Keyboard layouts option

6) From the available layouts select Nepali then click on Add and click on Apply.

7) You will see that new layout switcher icon has been added about the right bottom of your screen.

(Note: Location for system with xorg xserver is /etc/share/X11/xkb/rules/base.lst. And location for layout file is /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/)

Post-installation logging-in problem after removing CD drive

Problem: The logging-in problem occurs when CD drive is removed after installation. A terminal opens and also an error dialog box appears saying "Could not create child processes"

Solution:

1. Go to one of the virtual terminals by pressing "Ctrl+Alt+F1"

2. Login as root

3. Edit /etc/init.d/ne-startup

4. Add the following line at the end of the file:

/bin/chmod 755 /dev

5. Save and exit

6. Reboot the computer

After the computer reboots, you should be able to login normally.

Flash 9 for mozilla firefox

1. Download the installer file from http://www.adobe.com/go/fp9_update_b1_installer_linuxplugin

2. Download the GZ file

3. Extract the file using: tar -zxvf FP9_plugin_beta_101806.tar.gz

4. Finally as root: cp libflashplayer.so /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/plugins/

5. Restart the browser and enjoy !!!


Installation of SmartLink modem in NepaLinux 1.1

1. Download following two files from http://www.nepalinux.org/downloads/smartlink

linux2.6.17.tar.bz2

linux2.6.17.installer.sh

2.Open the Gnome Terminal

3) Do: su and Provide the Root password

2. enter the following command: sh linux2.6.17.installer.sh

3.reboot your system

4.select the kernel Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.17-2-686 while booting at grub menu.

5.Now Download following two files from http://www.nepalinux.org/downloads/smartlink

slmodem-2.9.11-20061021.tar.gz

driver_installer.sh file from

6.enter the following command at root terminal

sh driver_installer.sh

7.Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

8.Click Setup

9. Under Modem Tab, Click 'Detect'. This will automatically detect the connected modem.

10.Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and Click 'Remember Password'

11.Click 'Connect' to use the internet.

Installing HSF (softmodem) Conexant PCI Internal Modems in NepaLinux 1.1

1.Download following two files from http://www.nepalinux.org/downloads/modem/hsfcox

hsfmodem_7.47.00.03full_i386.deb.zip

kernel header linux-headers-2.6.17-ck1_nekernel.1.1_i386.deb

2.Open the Gnome Terminal

3.Do: su and Provide the Root password

4.Install the kernel header by dpkg -i linux-headers-2.6.17-ck1_nekernel.1.1_i386.deb

5.unzip the modem driver:unzip hsfmodem_7.47.00.03full_i386.deb.zip

6.Install the modem driver:dpkg -i hsfmodem_7.47.00.03full_i386.deb

7.simply press enter when asked for linux source build directory that matches your running kernel

8.provide the and region name email address

9.Simply press Enter when asked for the License

10.Execute: chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers

11.Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

12. Under Modem Tab, Click 'Detect'. This will automatically detect the connected modem.

13.Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and Click 'Remember Password'

14.Click 'Connect' to use the internet.

Internet connection through CDMA phone

1. Open the gnome terminal.

2.Do: su and provide the Root password.

3.enter the command:chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers/

3.Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

4.Click Setup

5.Under Modem Tab, Click Detect by choosing /dev/ttyS0 or /dev/ttyS1 in Device menu whatever will be appropriate for your CDMA.

6.After some seconds your CDMA will be detected.

7.Now click on Init Strings button

8.Double click on Init2 and provide the extra initialisation commands (note:you can find the extra initialisation commands in the CDMA phone manual)

9.After that click the Close Bold text button.

10.Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and

Click 'Remember Password'

11.Click 'Connect' to use the internet. 


(Note:FOR NTC CDMA phone Init Strings value is at+fclass=0;at+crm=2;at$qcmdr=3;)

Key ID problem

If you get the following warning when running apt-get update


--- W: There are no public key available for the following key IDs: A70DAF536070D3A1 W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems ---


Install new version of debian-archive-keyring by : apt-get insta debian-archive-keyring and download the latest archieve signing key from http://ftp-master.debian.org/ and run:

apt-key add downloaded_key_name


check apt-get update once again to verify.


GPRS in LINUX thru bluetooth connection:

I personally did this in KUbuntu(and phone i used was nokia 6230), i hope this will work on other(newer) versions of linux as well...

after connecting bluetooth device to USB and switching on bluetooth in ur mobile,

Open konsole and type: "hcitool inq"

you will see...

Inquiring ... 

       00:02:5B:00:A5:A5       clock offset: 0x1234    class:0x123456

this is the physical address of ur mobile; now type

"sdptool browse 00:02:5B:00:A5:A5"

replace above address with ur phone's physical address this should show all the services that is provided by ur mobile. somewhere u will see something like this:


Service Name: Dial-up networking Service RecHandle: 0x10002 Service Class ID List: 

 "Dialup Networking" (0x1103)
 "Generic Networking" (0x1201)

Protocol Descriptor List: 

 "L2CAP" (0x0100)
 "RFCOMM" (0x0003)
   Channel: 1

Language Base Attr List: 

 code_ISO639: 0x656e
 encoding:    0x6a
 base_offset: 0x100

Profile Descriptor List: 

 "Dialup Networking" (0x1103)
   Version: 0x0100


all we need to see is channel.. most of the time it is 1.

after noting these physical address and channel...

open(edit as root) /etc/bluetooth/rfcomm.conf and modify it so that it looks like this:

rfcomm0 {
#Automatically bind the device at startup
bind yes;

# Bluetooth address of the device
device 00:02:5B:00:A5:A5;

# RFCOMM channel for the connection
channel 1;
# Description of the connection
comment "BT DUN";
}

remember to replace device's physical address by your device's address. either u can enable "bind yes" or manually bind by typing in konsole

"sudo rfcomm bind rfcomm0"

now open(edit as root) /etc/wvdial.conf and add the following code to it.

[Modem0] 

Modem = /dev/rfcomm0
Baud = 115200
SetVolume = 0
Dial Command = ATDT
Init1 = ATZ
Init3 = ATM0
FlowControl = crtscts
[Modem1]
Modem = /dev/rfcomm0
Baud = 57600
SetVolume = 0
Dial Command = ATDT
Init1 = ATZ
Init3 = ATM0
FlowControl = crtscts
[Dialer gprs]
Username = un
Password = pass
Phone = *99***1#
Stupid Mode = 1
Inherits = Modem0
[Dialer dialup]
Username = un
Password = pass
Phone = *99***2#
Stupid Mode = 1
Inherits = Modem1


Now in konsole type

"wvdial gprs"

Remember to accept incoming connection/pairing in your mobile phone. you'll probably see sth like this:


--> WvDial: Internet dialer version 1.55 --> Cannot get information for serial port. --> Initializing modem. --> Sending: ATZ ATZ OK --> Sending: ATM0 ATM0 OK --> Modem initialized. --> Sending: ATDT*99***1# --> Waiting for carrier. ATDT*99***1# CONNECT ~[7f]}#@!}!} } }2}#}$@#}!}$}%\}"}&} }*} } g}%~ --> Carrier detected. Starting PPP immediately. --> Starting pppd at Sun Apr 29 22:23:02 2007 --> Warning: Could not modify /etc/ppp/pap-secrets: Permission denied --> --> PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) may be flaky. --> Warning: Could not modify /etc/ppp/chap-secrets: Permission denied --> --> CHAP (Challenge Handshake) may be flaky. --> Pid of pppd: 6457 --> Using interface ppp0 --> local IP address 10.1.5.54 --> remote IP address 10.6.6.6 --> primary DNS address 30.1.1.10


Don't close Konsole. Now You are ready to go... Happy Surfing...

Broadcom wifi in nepalinux2.0

1. Point your /etc/apt/sources.list to any debian etch mirror

2. Run: apt-get install bcm43xx-fwcutter

3. Configure your network with kcontrol or network-admin


Further reading: http://travelsoforion.net/debian-wireless

Installation of SmartLink modem in NepaLinux 2.0

1. Download following file from http://www.nepalinux.org/downloads/smartlink

slmodem-2.9.11-20061021.tar.gz

2. Create an sh file as 

''#!/bin/bash
echo "Installing the MODEM driver for SmartLink"
tar zxvf ./slmodem-2.9.11-20061021.tar.gz
cd ./slmodem-2.9.11-20061021
make
make install
modprobe slamr
echo "
mknod -m 600 /dev/slamr0 c 242 0
/sbin/depmod -a
modprobe slamr
chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers\
chgrp dialout /dev/pts/*
/usr/sbin/slmodemd --country=USA /dev/slamr0 &" >> /etc/init.d/ne-startup

chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers
chgrp dialout /dev/pts/*
echo "Installation of the MODEM driver for the SmartLink MODEM is successfully completed"
/usr/sbin/slmodemd --country=USA /dev/slamr0 &''

and save it as driver_installer.sh

3. Enter the following command at root terminal

sh driver_installer.sh

7. Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

8. Click Setup

9. Under Modem Tab, Click 'Detect'. This will automatically detect the connected modem.

10. Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and Click 'Remember Password'

11. Click 'Connect' to use the internet.


Installation of HSF (softmodem) Conexant PCI Internal Modems in NepaLinux 2.0

1.download the conexant modem driver hsfmodem_7.47.00.03full_i386.deb.zip

http://www.nepalinux.org/downloads/modem/hsfcox

2.Open the Gnome Terminal

3.Do: su and Provide the Root password

4.unzip the modem driver:unzip hsfmodem_7.47.00.03full_i386.deb.zip

5.Install the modem driver:dpkg -i hsfmodem_7.47.00.03full_i386.deb

6.simply press enter when asked for linux source build directory that matches your running kernel

7.provide the and region name email address

8.Simply press Enter when asked for the License

9.Execute: chmod +x /etc/ppp/peers

10.Click Applications-->Internet-->Gnome PPP

11. Under Modem Tab, Click 'Detect'. This will automatically detect the connected modem.

12.Finally in the Gnome PPP application type username , password and phone no and Click 'Remember Password'

13.Click 'Connect' to use the internet.

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